In the United States, a multichannel video programming distributor (MVPD) is a service provider that delivers video programming services, usually for a subscription fee (pay television). These operators include direct-broadcast satellite (DBS) providers, cable television (CATV) systems, and other various wireline video providers (including Verizon FiOS as well as AT&T U-verse) and competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs) using IPTV. The corresponding term used by Canadian regulators is Broadcast distribution undertaking (BDU).