A
revolutionary wave is a series of
revolutions occurring in various locations in a similar time period. In many cases, past revolutions and revolutionary waves may inspire current ones, or an initial revolution inspires other concurrent "affiliate revolutions" with similar aims. Historians and political philosophers have studied the causes of revolutionary waves, including
Robert Roswell Palmer,
Crane Brinton,
Hannah Arendt,
Eric Hoffer and
Jacques Godechot. The concept is important to
Marxists, who see revolutionary waves as evidence that a
world revolution is possible. For
Rosa Luxemburg, "The most precious thing … in the sharp ebb and flow of the revolutionary waves is the proletariat's spiritual growth. The advance by leaps and bounds of the intellectual stature of the proletariat affords an inviolable guarantee of its further progress in the inevitable economic and political struggles ahead." However, the phrase also has been used by non-Marxist activists and writers, including
Justin Raimondo and
Michael Lind, to describe numbers of revolutions happening within a short period of time. Various examples of revolutionary waves are cited.