A
randomized controlled trial (or
randomized control trial;
RCT) is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment, where the people being studied are randomly allocated one or other of the different treatments under study. The RCT is often considered the
gold standard for a
clinical trial. RCTs are often used to test the efficacy or
effectiveness of various types of medical
intervention and may provide information about adverse effects, such as
drug reactions.
Random assignment of intervention is done after subjects have been assessed for eligibility and recruited, but before the intervention to be studied begins.