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Motor neuron disease
A
motor neuron disease
(
MND
) is any of five
neurological disorders
that selectively affect
motor neurons
, the cells that control
voluntary muscles
of the body. These five conditions are
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
,
primary lateral sclerosis
,
progressive muscular atrophy
,
progressive bulbar palsy
and
pseudobulbar palsy
. They are
neurodegenerative
in nature and cause increasing disability and, eventually, death.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(
ALS
), also known as
Lou Gehrig's disease
and
Charcot disease
, is a specific
disorder that involves the death of neurons
. In a number of countries the term
motor neurone disease
(
MND
) is commonly used, while others use
that term
for a group of five conditions of which ALS is the most common. ALS is characterized by
stiff muscles
,
muscle twitching
, and gradually worsening weakness due to
muscles decreasing in size
. This results in difficulty
speaking
,
swallowing
, and eventually
breathing
.
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