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Maser
A
maser
, an acronym for "microwave
amplification
by stimulated emission of
radiation
", is a device that produces
coherent
electromagnetic waves
through amplification by
stimulated emission
. The first maser was built by
Charles H. Townes
, James P. Gordon, and H. J. Zeiger at Columbia University in 1953. Townes,
Nikolay Basov
and
Alexander Prokhorov
were awarded the 1964
Nobel Prize in Physics
for theoretical work leading to the maser. Masers are used as the timekeeping device in
atomic clocks
, and as extremely low-noise microwave
amplifiers
in
radio telescopes
and deep space
spacecraft communication
ground stations.
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