Level set methods (
LSM) are a conceptual framework for using
level sets as a tool for
numerical analysis of
surfaces and
shapes. The advantage of the level set model is that one can perform numerical computations involving
curves and
surfaces on a fixed
Cartesian grid without having to
parameterize these objects (this is called the
Eulerian approach). Also, the level set method makes it very easy to follow shapes that change
topology, for example when a shape splits in two, develops holes, or the reverse of these operations. All these make the level set method a great tool for modeling time-varying objects, like inflation of an
airbag, or a drop of oil floating in water.