The Growth of the Ottoman Empire (1453–1683) is when the Ottoman state reached the Pax Ottomana. The period had two main era; "expansion and apogee" (1453–1566) and "revolts and revival" (1566–1683) In this period, the Ottoman Empire expanded southwestwards into North Africa and battled with the re-emergent Persian Shi'ia Safavid Empire to the east.