In
viticulture, the
canopy of a
grapevine includes the parts of the vine visible aboveground - the
trunk, cordon,
stems,
leaves,
flowers, and
fruit. The canopy plays a key role in light energy capture via
photosynthesis, water use as regulated by
transpiration, and
microclimate of ripening grapes. Canopy management is an important aspect of viticulture due to its effect on grape
yields, quality,
vigor, and the prevention of
grape diseases. Various viticulture problems, such as uneven grape ripening, sunburn, and frost damage, can be addressed by skillful canopy management. In addition to
pruning and leaf trim, the canopy is often
trained on
trellis systems to guide its growth and assist in access for ongoing management and harvest.