Zinaida Nikolayevna Gippius, (; November 20, 1869 – September 9, 1945) was a Russian poet, playwright, editor, short story writer and religious thinker, a co-founder of Russian symbolism seen as "one of the most enigmatic and intelligent women of her time in Russia." Her marriage to philosopher Dmitriy Sergeyevich Merezhkovsky lasted 52 years and is described in the unfinished book Dmitry Merezhkovsky (Paris, 1951; Moscow, 1991).