A
sovkhoz (,
abbreviated from
советское хозяйство, "Soviet farm"), typically translated as
state farm, is a state-owned farm. The term originated in the
Soviet Union, hence the name. The term is still in use in some
post-Soviet states, e.g.,
Russia and
Belarus. It is usually contrasted with
kolkhoz, which is a collective-owned farm. Unlike the members of a kolkhoz, which were called "kolkhozniks" (колхозники), the workers of a sovkhoz were officially called "sovkhoz workers" (работники совхозов) and rarely (and then only colloquially) "sovkhozniki".