Segmentation in biology refers to the division of some
animal and
plant body plans into a series of repetitive segments. This article focuses on the segmentation of
animal body plans, specifically using the examples of the phyla
Arthropoda,
Chordata, and
Annelida. These three phyla form segments by using a “growth zone” to direct and define the segments. While all three have a generally segmented body plan and use a “growth zone,” they use different mechanisms for generating this patterning. Even within these phyla, different organisms have different mechanisms for segmenting the body. Segmentation of the body plan is important for allowing free movement and development of certain body parts. It also allows for regeneration in specific individuals.