Sandomierz Voivodeship (, ) was a unit of administration and local government in
Poland from the 14th century to the
partitions of Poland in 1772–1795. It was part of the
Lesser Poland region. Originally Sandomierz Voivodeship also covered the area around
Lublin, but in 1474 its three eastern counties were organized into
Lublin Voivodeship. In the 16th century, it had 374 parishes, 100 towns and 2586 villages. The voivodeship was based on the Sandomerz
ziemia, which earlier was the
Duchy of Sandomierz. The Duchy of Sandomierz was created in 1138 by King
Boleslaw III Wrymouth, who in his
testament divided Poland into five principalities. One of them, with the capital at Sandomierz, was assigned to Krzywousty's son,
Henry of Sandomierz. Later on, with southern part of the
Seniorate Province (which emerged into the
Duchy of Krakow), the Duchy of Sandomierz created
Lesser Poland, divided into Kraków and Sandomierz Voivodeships.