The
Prayer Book Rebellion,
Prayer Book Revolt,
Prayer Book Rising,
Western Rising or
Western Rebellion was a popular revolt in
Devon and
Cornwall in 1549. In that year, the
Book of Common Prayer, presenting the theology of the
English Reformation, was introduced. The change was widely unpopular – particularly in areas of still firmly Catholic religious loyalty (even after the
Act of Supremacy in 1534) such as
Lancashire.
[citation needed] Along with poor economic conditions, the attack on the
Catholic Church led to an explosion of anger in Devon and Cornwall, initiating an uprising. In response,
Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, sent Lord John Russell with an army composed partly of German and
Italian mercenaries to suppress the revolt.