The Poughkeepsie–Newburgh–Middletown Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, was an area consisting of two counties in New York's Hudson Valley, with the cities of Poughkeepsie,  Newburgh, and Middletown, and the Arlington census-designated place as its principal cities. As of the 2010 census, the MSA had a population of 670,301 The area was centered on the urban area of Poughkeepsie-Newburgh.