Penza is a
city and the
administrative center of
Penza Oblast,
Russia, located on the
Sura River, southeast of
Moscow. Population:
History
Penza was founded as a Russian frontier fortress-city, and to this day, remnants of the Lomovskaya sentry line built in 1640 have been preserved at the western edge of the city, and remains of earth ramparts dating from the mid-16th century are preserved in the city center. Until 1663, Penza was a wooden stockade with only a small settlement. Then in May 1663, the architect Yuri Kontransky arrived in Penza on the Tsar's orders to direct the construction of a fortress city, as part of a wider fortress building program to protect
Russia from attacks by
Crimean Tatars. The initial construction consisted of a wooden
Kremlin, a village, and quarters for the nobility, small tradesmen, and merchants.