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Orange Order
The
Loyal Orange Institution
, more commonly known as the
Orange Order
, is an international
Protestant
fraternal organisation
based primarily in
Northern Ireland
, with
a significant presence
in the
Scottish Lowlands
and lodges throughout the
Commonwealth
, as well as in the
United States
and
Togo
. The Orange Institution was founded in
County Armagh
in 1795, during a
period of Protestant-Catholic sectarian conflict
, as a
Masonic
-style brotherhood sworn to uphold the Protestant faith and a Protestant King. It is headed by the
Grand Orange Lodge of Ireland
, which was established in 1798. Its name is a tribute to the Dutch-born Protestant king
William of Orange
, who defeated the army of Catholic king
James II
at the
Battle of the Boyne
(1690). Its members wear orange sashes and are referred to as
Orangemen
. The Order is best known for its
yearly marches
, the biggest of which are held on or around 12 July ('
The Twelfth
').
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