Nowe Skalmierzyce is a town and its surrounding municipality in Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. The town has a population of 5,093 (2006 est.), while the municipality, Gmina Nowe Skalmierzyce, which is a mixed urban-rural gmina that includes the town, has a population of 15,191. The town has a land area of only 1.58 km², which results in a population density of 3,223.4 persons/km², the seventh highest density of all towns in Poland, and the second highest density (after Swarzedz) of the urban portion of any Polish urban-rural gmina (gmina miejsko-wiejska). The gmina has a land area of 125.42 km².