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Microbial rhodopsin
Microbial rhodopsin
, also known as
type-I rhodopsin
, is a
photochemically
active
membrane protein
composed of seven
transmembrane
alpha-helices
with a
retinal
chromophore
. It includes light-driven
proton pumps
,
ion pumps
and
ion channels
, as well as light sensors. Microbial rhodopsins are found in all three
domains
of life:
Archaea
,
Bacteria
, and
Eukaryota
, as well as in
viruses
. It is rare in complex
multicellular organisms
.
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