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March 5
Events
363
–
Roman Emperor
Julian
moves from
Antioch
with an army of 90,000 to
attack
the
Sassanid Empire
, in a campaign which would bring about his own death.
1046
–
Naser Khosrow
begins the seven-year Middle Eastern journey which he will later describe in his book
Safarnama
.
1279
– The
Livonian Order
is defeated in the
Battle of Aizkraukle
by the
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
1496
– King
Henry VII of England
issues letters patent to
John Cabot
and his sons, authorising them to explore unknown lands.
1616
–
Nicolaus Copernicus
's book
De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
is banned by the
Catholic Church
1766
–
Antonio de Ulloa
, the first Spanish governor of Louisiana, arrives in
New Orleans
.
1770
–
Boston Massacre
: Five
Americans
, including
Crispus Attucks
, are fatally shot by British troops in an event that would contribute to the outbreak of the
American Revolutionary War
(also known as the American War of Independence) five years later.
1811
–
Peninsular War
: A French force under the command of
Marshal Victor
is routed while trying to prevent an Anglo-Spanish-Portuguese army from lifting the
Siege of Cádiz
in the
Battle of Barrosa
.
1824
–
First Anglo-Burmese War
: The British officially declare war on
Burma
.
1836
–
Samuel Colt
patents the first production-model
revolver
, the .34-caliber.
1850
– The
Britannia Bridge
across the
Menai Strait
between the island of
Anglesey
and the mainland of Wales is opened.
1860
–
Parma
,
Tuscany
,
Modena
and
Romagna
vote in
referendums
to join the
Kingdom of Sardinia
.
1868
–
Mefistofele
, an opera by
Arrigo Boito
receives its première performance at
La Scala
.
1872
–
George Westinghouse
patents the
air brake
.
1906
–
Moro Rebellion
:
United States Army
troops bring overwhelming force against the native
Moros
in the
First Battle of Bud Dajo
, leaving only six survivors.
1912
–
Italo-Turkish War
:
Italian
forces are the first to use
airships
for military purposes, employing them for
reconnaissance
behind
Turkish
lines.
1931
– The British
Viceroy
of
India
,
Governor-General
Edward Frederick Lindley Wood
and
Mohandas Gandhi
(Mahatma Gandhi)
sign an agreement
envisaging the release of political prisoners and allowing salt to be freely used by the poorest members of the population.
1933
–
Great Depression
: President
Franklin D. Roosevelt
declares a "
bank holiday
", closing all U.S. banks and freezing all financial transactions.
1933 –
Adolf Hitler
's
Nazi Party
receives 43.9 t the
Reichstag elections
. This later allows the Nazis to pass the
Enabling Act
and establish a dictatorship.
1936
– First flight of
Supermarine Spitfire
advanced monoplane fighter aircraft in the United Kingdom.
1940
– Six high-ranking members of
Soviet politburo
, including
General Secretary
Joseph Stalin
, sign an order for the execution of 25,700 Polish
intelligentsia
, including 14,700 Polish
POW
s, in what will become known as the
Katyn massacre
.
1943
– First flight of
Gloster Meteor
jet aircraft in the United Kingdom.
1944
–
World War II
: The
Red Army
begins the
Uman–Botoșani Offensive
in the western
Ukrainian SSR
.
1946
–
Winston Churchill
coins the phrase "
Iron Curtain
" in his speech at
Westminster College, Missouri
.
1946 –
Hungarian
Communists
and
Social Democrats
co-found the
Left Bloc
.
1960
–
Cuban
photographer
Alberto Korda
takes his
iconic photograph
of
Marxist
revolutionary
Ernesto "Che" Guevara
.
1965
–
March Intifada
: A
Leftist
uprising erupts in
Bahrain
against British colonial presence.
1966
–
BOAC Flight 911
crashes on
Mount Fuji
, Japan, killing 124.
1970
– The
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
goes into effect after ratification by 43 nations.
1974
–
Yom Kippur War
:
Israeli
forces withdraw from the west bank of the
Suez Canal
.
1975
– First meeting of the
Homebrew Computer Club
1978
– The
Landsat 3
is launched from
Vandenberg Air Force Base
in
California
.
1979
– Soviet probes
Venera 11
,
Venera 12
and the German-American solar satellite
Helios II
all are hit by
"off the scale" gamma rays
leading to the discovery of
soft gamma repeaters
.
1979 – America's
Voyager 1
spacecraft has its closest approach to
Jupiter
, 172,000 miles.
1981
– The
ZX81
, a pioneering British
home computer
, is launched by
Sinclair Research
and would go on to sell over 1.5 million units around the world.
1982
– Soviet probe
Venera 14
landed on
Venus
.
1984
– Six thousand miners in the United Kingdom begin their
strike
at
Cortonwood
Colliery.
1998
–
1998 Winter Paralympics
, the first Winter Paralympics to be held outside
Europe
, takes place in
Nagano
,
Japan
.
2003
– In
Haifa
, 17 Israeli civilians are killed by in the
Haifa bus 37 suicide bombing
.
2012
–
Invisible Children
launches the Stop Kony campaign with the release of
Kony 2012
.
2012 – At least two people are killed and six injured after a
shooting in a hair salon
in
Bucharest
,
Romania
.
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