The
Messier objects are a set of 110
astronomical objects catalogued by the French astronomer
Charles Messier in his
"Catalogue des Nébuleuses et des Amas d'Étoiles" ("Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters"). A preliminary version first appeared in
Memoirs of the
French Academy of Sciences in 1771, and the
last item was added in 1966 by Kenneth Glyn Jones, based on Messier's observations. The first version of Messier's catalogue contained 45 objects and was published in 1774 in the journal of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris. In addition to his own discoveries, this version included objects previously observed by other astronomers, with only 17 of the 45 objects being Messier’s. By 1780 the catalog had increased to 80 objects and the final version of the catalogue was published in 1781; in the 1784 issue of
Connaissance des Temps it contained 103 objects. However, due to the incorrect addition of Messier 102, the total number remained 102. Other astronomers, using side notes in Messier's texts, eventually filled out the list up to 110 objects.