John Dewey (; October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952) was an
American philosopher,
psychologist,
Georgist, and
educational reformer whose ideas have been influential in education and social reform. Dewey is one of the primary figures associated with the philosophy of
pragmatism and is considered one of the founders of
functional psychology. A
Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Dewey as the 93rd most cited psychologist of the 20th century. A well-known
public intellectual, he was also a major voice of
progressive education and
liberalism. Although Dewey is known best for his publications about education, he also wrote about many other topics, including
epistemology,
metaphysics,
aesthetics,
art,
logic,
social theory, and
ethics.