Henri Charrière (; 16 November 1906  – 29 July 1973) was a French criminal and writer. Convicted as a murderer by the French courts, he is known as the author of Papillon, a memoir of his incarceration in and escape from a penal colony in French Guiana. While Charrière claimed that Papillon was largely true, modern researchers believe that much of the book’s material came from other inmates, rather than Charrière himself. Charrière denied committing the murder of which he was convicted, although he freely admitted to having committed various other petty crimes prior to his incarceration.