The Gemara (also transliterated Gemora, Gemarah or, less commonly, Gemorra; 'גמרא' noun - from  Aramaic verb gamar, literally, "study") is the component of the Talmud comprising rabbinical analysis of and commentary on the Mishnah. After the Mishnah was published by Judah HaNasi (c. 200 CE), the work was studied exhaustively by generation after generation of rabbis in Babylonia and the Land of Israel. Their discussions were written down in a series of books that became the Gemara, which when combined with the Mishnah constituted the Talmud.