In
art history,
formalism is the study of art by analyzing and comparing form and
style—the way objects are made and their purely visual aspects. In painting formalism emphasizes
compositional elements such as color, line, shape, texture, and other perceptual aspects rather than
iconography or the historical and social context. At its extreme, formalism in art history posits that everything necessary to comprehending a work of art is contained within the work of art. The context for the work, including the reason for its creation, the historical background, and the life of the artist, that is, its conceptual aspect is considered to be of secondary importance. Anti-formalism in art would assert the opposite ascription of respectively primary and secondary importance.