Diego Garcia is an
atoll located south of the
equator in the central
Indian Ocean. Diego Garcia is the largest of the 60 small
islands comprising the
Chagos Archipelago. Diego Garcia was settled by the French in the 1790s and was transferred to British rule after the
Napoleonic Wars. It was one of the "Dependencies" of the British Colony of
Mauritius until it was detached for inclusion in the newly created
British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) in 1965. Between 1968 and 1973, the population of the BIOT was removed to Mauritius and
The Seychelles, following which the United States built a large naval and military base on Diego Garcia, which has been in continuous operation ever since. As of March 2015, Diego Garcia is the only inhabited island of the BIOT; the population is composed of military personnel and supporting contractors.