Columbia is a city in and the
county seat of
Boone County,
Missouri,
United States. Founded in 1820 as the county seat and home to the
University of Missouri, it had a population of 108,500 at the
2010 census, and it is the principal city of the
Columbia Metropolitan Area, the state's fourth most populous metropolitan area. As a midwestern
college town, the city has a reputation for progressive politics, public art, and powerful journalism. The tripartite establishment of
Stephens College (1833), The
University of Missouri (1839), and
Columbia College (1851) has long made the city a center of education, culture, and athletic competition. These three schools surround
Downtown Columbia on the east, south, and north; at the center is the
Avenue of the Columns, which connects
Francis Quadrangle and
Jesse Hall to the
Boone County Courthouse and the
City Hall. Originally an agricultural town, today the
cultivation of the mind is Columbia's chief economic concern. Never a major center of manufacturing, the city also depends on healthcare, insurance, and technology businesses. Several companies—
Shelter Insurance,
Carfax, and
Slackers CDs and Games among them—were founded in the city. Cultural institutions include the
State Historical Society of Missouri, the
Museum of Art and Archaeology, and the annual
True/False Film Festival. The
Missouri Tigers, the state's only major athletic program, play football at
Faurot Field and basketball at
Mizzou Arena as members of the
Southeastern Conference.