The Chaldean Catholic Church (, ʿītha kaldetha qāthuliqetha), (Arabic: الكنيسة الكلدانية al-Kanīsa al-kaldāniyya) is an Eastern Syriac particular church of the Catholic Church, under the Holy See of the Catholicos-Patriarch of Babylon, maintaining full communion with the Bishop of Rome and the rest of the Catholic Church. The Chaldean Catholic Church presently comprises an estimated 500,000 people in northern Iraq, and adjacent areas in southeast Turkey and northwest Iran. There is a vigorous and often heated discussion about the ethnicity and ethnic self-identification of Chaldean Catholics.