Auguste Jean Baptiste Chevalier (June 1873, Domfront – June 1956, Paris) was a French botanist, taxonomist, and explorer of tropical Africa, especially of French colonial empire Africa that included Côte d'Ivoire. He also explored and collected plants in South America and tropical Asia. Chevalier was a prolific contributor to the knowledge of African plants, studying forest trees and their woods, grasses, and agricultural plants of the continent. Unlike other botanists who studied the plants of tropical Africa, Chevalier also ranged to the floral regions of the Sahara.