The
Arauco War was a long-running conflict between colonial Spaniards and the
Mapuche people, mostly fought in the
Araucanía. After many initial Spanish successes in penetrating Mapuche territory, the
Battle of Curalaba in 1598 and the following
destruction of the Seven Cities marked a turning point in the war leading to the establishment of
a clear frontier between the Spanish domains and the land of the independent Mapuche. From the 17th to the late 18th century a series of parliaments were held between royal governors and Mapuche
lonkos and the war devolved to sporadic pillaging carried out by Spanish soldiers as well as Mapuches and outlaws.